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The Muslims of India


Islam is the second largest religion in India and Muslims make up over 14% of the country's population. After arriving in India in 1175, Muslims ruled India for over 600 years. Muslims have had a great impact on Indian society and culture, art and architecture.

This article covers Muslim history and development in India, its contributions to and impacts on Indian culture and society, and the current situation of Muslim society in 

The Muslim Population in India

There are about 200 million Muslims in India (over 14% of the population) in 2021, India's second largest religious community after Hindus. India has the world's third-largest Muslim community after Indonesia and Pakistan, accounting for 10.9% of the world's Muslim population.

Muslim Population Growth in India

Muslims have been the fastest-growing faith population in India in the last 30 years. According to religious data projections, there will be over 300 million Muslims by 2050, still with a faster growth than Hindus.

Year India's Population India's Muslim Population Percentage

1991 846 million 102 million 12.1%

2001 1,028 million 138 million 13.4%

2011 1,210 million 172 million 14.2%

2021 1,393 million 200 million 14.4%


Muslim Population by States of India

Representing 14.2% of the total population in India, Muslims can be found in notable percentages in almost all states of India. There are 110 "Muslim districts" in India where at least a fifth of the population are Muslims.

State Top Muslim Percentages (%)

Lakshadweep         96.2%

Jammu and Kashmir 68.3%

Ladakh                            46%


m maCureenn reading Islamic scripture

Current situation of Muslim India 

In recent years, public sentiment towards Muslims has hardened and the ruling BJP's (Bharatiya Janata Party's) sustained efforts to create a Hindu-dominated nation has polarized the nation further.

What's more, the Modi government has limited Muslims' rights through the Citizenship Amendment Act in 2019. The law allows fast-track citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from nearby countries. The Citizenship Amendment Act caused widespread protests and demonstrations that continued into early 2020.


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